NieNet

LFS笔记

LFS LiveCD

The LFS LiveCD works well as a host system, providing all the tools you need .这就是liveCD的含义之所在。

journaling file systems

日志文件系统的概念。ext2不是日志文件系统，ext3是日志文件系统。

work-arounds

The newest package versions may also have problems that require work-arounds

sticky directory

这是在使用命令chmod的时候，涉及到的一个概念。sticky directory就是说只能够被拥有者删除。

login shell 和non-login shell

假设先以root用户登录

  1. 用su - oracle切换到oracle用户，那么使用的是login shell，登录进程或者说shell会重新读取/etc/profile和~/.bash_profile来应用新的环境变量。login shell 也会读取.bashrc文件。login shell启动时并不执行.bashrc,但是惯例上在.bash_profile显示调用.bashrc。
  2. 用su oracle切换到oracle用户，那么使用的是non-login shell，此时shell不会读取/etc/profile和~/.bash_profile，而是读取~/.bashrc来应用新的环境变量。

制作交叉编译器

做交叉编译器要弄清楚3个概念：host, build, target：

这里我可以给个例子 build=i386 host=sparc64 target=mips32 表示我们在x86平台上编译了一个在sparc64平台上运行的编译器，它将源码编译生成了要在mips32平台上运行的可执行程序。

描述一个平台，通常使用三元组：arch-vendor-os, 比如i386-redhat-linux 表示x86平台，生产商是redhat，而使用的os是linux。

Linux Standard Base (LSB)

LSB Runtime Languages: Perl

安装LINUX API的执行结果

root:/sources/linux-2.6.32.8# make INSTALL_HDR_PATH=dest headers_install
CHK     include/linux/version.h
make[1]: `scripts/unifdef' is up to date.
INSTALL include/asm-generic (34 files)
INSTALL include/drm (12 files)
INSTALL include/linux/byteorder (2 files)
INSTALL include/linux/can (4 files)
INSTALL include/linux/dvb (8 files)
INSTALL include/linux/hdlc (1 file)
INSTALL include/linux/isdn (1 file)
INSTALL include/linux/netfilter (58 files)
INSTALL include/linux/netfilter_arp (2 files)
INSTALL include/linux/netfilter_bridge (16 files)
INSTALL include/linux/netfilter_ipv4 (14 files)
INSTALL include/linux/netfilter_ipv6 (11 files)
INSTALL include/linux/nfsd (6 files)
INSTALL include/linux/raid (2 files)
INSTALL include/linux/spi (1 file)
INSTALL include/linux/sunrpc (1 file)
INSTALL include/linux/tc_act (6 files)
INSTALL include/linux/tc_ematch (4 files)
INSTALL include/linux/usb (8 files)
INSTALL include/linux/wimax (1 file)
INSTALL include/linux (356 files)
INSTALL include/mtd (5 files)
INSTALL include/rdma (1 file)
INSTALL include/scsi (4 files)
INSTALL include/sound (9 files)
INSTALL include/video (3 files)
INSTALL include/xen (1 file)
INSTALL include (0 file)
INSTALL include/asm (54 files)

安装man-pages执行的结果

可以看到，manual的相关文档，都放置在/usr/share/man路径下。 

root:/sources/man-pages-3.23# make install
for i in man?; do \
install -d -m 755 /usr/share/man/"$i" || exit $?; \
install -m 644 "$i"/* /usr/share/man/"$i" || exit $?; \
done; \

字符集，字体的安装

路径/usr/lib/locale下面。 

localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030

安装GCC的的TEST SUITE

在最后安装GCC的的TEST SUITE过程中，并不是完全正确，最后错误的输出如下： libgomp Summary 

# of expected passes            1009
# make[4]: Leaving directory `/sources/gcc-build/i686-pc-linux-gnu/libgomp/testsuite'
# make[3]: Leaving directory `/sources/gcc-build/i686-pc-linux-gnu/libgomp/testsuite'
# make[3]: Entering directory `/sources/gcc-build/i686-pc-linux-gnu/libgomp'
# true  DO=all multi-do # make
# make[3]: Leaving directory `/sources/gcc-build/i686-pc-linux-gnu/libgomp'
# make[2]: Leaving directory `/sources/gcc-build/i686-pc-linux-gnu/libgomp'
# make[1]: Target `check-target' not remade because of errors.
# make[1]: Leaving directory `/sources/gcc-build'
# make: *** [do-check] Error 2
# make: Target `check' not remade because of errors.
# root:/sources/gcc-build# echo $?
# 2
#
#
#
# mv -v /usr/bin/{cat,chgrp,chmod,chown,cp,date,dd,df,echo} /bin
# mv -v /usr/bin/{false,ln,ls,mkdir,mknod,mv,pwd,rm} /bin
# mv -v /usr/bin/{rmdir,stty,sync,true,uname} /bin
# mv -v /usr/bin/chroot /usr/sbin
#
#
#
#
# sed -i -e  "s|BUILD_ZLIB\s*= True|BUILD_ZLIB = False|"  \
# -e  "s|INCLUDE\s*= ./zlib-src|INCLUDE = /usr/include|"   \
# -e  "s|LIB\s*= ./zlib-src|LIB = /usr/lib|"   \
# ext/Compress-Raw-Zlib/config.in
#
#
# sh Configure -des -Dprefix=/usr \
# -Dvendorprefix=/usr \
# -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 \
# -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 \
# -Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"

perl的test

在运行perl的test的时候，出现的错误提示。由此可见，在perl的配置过程中，还存在几个没有解决的问题。 

Failed 1 test out of 1606, 99.94% okay.
     op/alarm.t
     ### Since not all tests were successful, you may want to run some of
     ### them individually and examine any diagnostic messages they produce.
     ### See the INSTALL document's section on "make test".
     ### You have a good chance to get more inf

英文术语